Despite their reputation as fastidious groomers, cats are susceptible to a variety of skin conditions. Cat skin disease can result from infectious causes, such as skin mites; allergies, such as flea allergy dermatitis; or more obscure conditions, such as psychogenic alopecia.

While skin conditions in cats can range from straightforward to complex, they tend to have one thing in common: They can be a chronic source of discomfort for both cat and cat parent.

Risk Factors for Skin Conditions in Cats

Kittens' immune systems take time to develop, making them more vulnerable to common infectious causes of skin disease, such as ringworm or mites. As your kitten grows into adulthood, they may develop allergies, which can lead to dermatitis (inflamed, irritated skin) or a more advanced allergic condition called eosinophilic granuloma complex (a pattern of skin reactions associated with specific lesions). Cats of all ages can also experience skin conditions in response to environmental stressors, such as changes in household members.

 

Infections, allergies and environmental stressors can all weaken the integrity of your cat's skin — their largest organ — and make it more susceptible to illness or disease.

Generally speaking, young cats, senior cats and outdoor cats are at higher risk for developing skin conditions. Hormones associated with intact (not neutered) male cats are also linked to some skin conditions, and certain breeds are more likely to develop skin diseases that share a genetic link.

Cat hair

Signs of Skin Conditions in Cats

You may notice changes in your cat's skin or fur during routine petting at home. Here are some signs of cat skin issues to look out for:

  • Flaky skin (dandruff)
  • Greasy skin
  • Hair loss (alopecia)
  • Sores, bumps or growths
  • Scabbing
  • Inflamed or thick patches of skin
  • A dirty-looking chin (like it has specks of dirt on it)
  • Red bumps or ulcers on the lips
  • A dark substance in the ears accompanied by head shaking or scratching
  • Scratching or biting at the skin

If you notice any of these signs, consult your veterinarian for advice. They can help you identify the cause of your cat's skin problems and suggest a treatment plan.

Common Cat Skin Diseases

While your veterinarian will provide a diagnosis (likely after running some tests), here is some information about the more common skin conditions in cats so you can stay informed. Keep in mind that this list isn't comprehensive. Again, any skin lump, bump, or texture or color abnormality warrants a veterinarian's attention.

Flea Allergy

Fleas can irritate all cats, but cats who are allergic to flea saliva are highly sensitive to flea bites. If your cat has a flea allergy, a single bite can trigger a reaction, leading to skin infections (red, oozing lesions), dermatitis (raised, itchy bumps) and hair loss. Cats with flea allergies often bite, chew and scratch themselves compulsively, particularly at the base of the tail and around the neck.

Feline Acne

If your cat's chin suddenly looks dirty or if you notice red bumps on their chin or lips, feline acne might be to blame. Feline acne isn't typically a serious condition, but it still warrants a veterinarian's medical attention. Using medicated grooming pads or gels and making simple lifestyle changes, such as switching to stainless steel dishes or cleaning feeding dishes more frequently, can help alleviate breakouts. For more severe cases, your veterinarian may prescribe oral or topical antibiotics.

Superficial Pyoderma

Superficial pyoderma is an umbrella term for a skin infection that affects the skin's top layer. It can have many causes and is often a secondary infection. Common signs include hair loss and red, moist, tender, scaly or itchy skin. If this condition progresses, it can spread to the skin's deeper layers, referred to as "deep pyoderma." Consult with your veterinarian to identify the best treatment and possible prevention.

Ear Mites and Skin Mites

Ear mites are highly contagious and especially common in outdoor cats and kittens. Your cat may frequently scratch or shake their head. Ear mite infestations also often cause a gooey, dark brown or black substance in the ears. If you suspect your cat has ear mites, call your veterinarian right away.

Skin mites occur all over the body and can result in hair loss, red or bumpy skin lesions and excessive scratching. Simple, effective treatment can relieve discomfort and prevent skin or ear infections and damage.

Abscesses and Tumors

This category of skin conditions is broad — and so is the range of its signs and appearance. If you notice any new swelling or bump on your cat's skin, schedule an appointment with your veterinarian so they can dig further into the cause.

Psychogenic Alopecia

If your cat has patches of fur missing and sores on their body, particularly in areas within their reach, this may point to a behavioral concern known as psychogenic alopecia. Cats who are prone to stress may groom themselves compulsively, leading to thinning hair and, ultimately, skin infections. Talk to your veterinarian about solutions to help alleviate stress in your cat's environment.

Flaky or Greasy Skin

In some cases, flaky or greasy skin can indicate that your cat needs some grooming help. Obese cats often have an especially hard time reaching their lower back and the base of the tail. These signs can also signal other underlying medical concerns, such as hormonal dysfunction or diabetes.

Owner brushing his cat

How to Support Healthy Skin and Prevent Skin Infections in Cats

Fortunately, you can take steps to help your cat maintain healthy skin and a lustrous coat.

At-Home Grooming

Your cat's tongue is covered in tiny, self-grooming tools called papillae, and they do their job well. Still, this is no excuse to neglect grooming your cat. Brushing your cat removes dirt, oil and loose hair (which can decrease the risk of hairballs), and it's the perfect opportunity to give your cat's skin a wellness check. Short-haired cats do well with brushing once or twice a week while long-haired cats can benefit from daily grooming to prevent tangles and matting. Make the experience pleasant for both you and your cat by choosing brushes and grooming tools they enjoy.

Balanced Nutrition

Feeding your cat a healthy, balanced food is key to maintaining healthy skin. Vitamins such as A, E and D, omega-6 fatty acids and amino acids are all critical to maintaining skin health at the cellular level.

Regular Checkups

Attending your cat's regularly scheduled veterinarian visits can help get ahead of any issues. They're also a great opportunity to discuss any concerns or ask about changes in your cat's grooming habits. Of course, if you notice any signs of skin disease or illness, schedule a veterinary visit right away. The sooner your veterinarian can address the issue, the sooner your cat will feel better.

Protecting Your Cat's Well-Being

Even if your cat is a great self-groomer, check their fur and skin for any possible concerns during your daily snuggle sessions. By keeping an eye out for any changes, providing quality, science-backed nutrition and helping out with grooming now and then, you can give your cat the best of the best — which is what they deserve.

Dr. Laci Schaible Dr. Laci Schaible

Dr. Laci Schaible is a small animal veterinarian, veterinary journalist, and a thought leader in the industry. She received her Doctor of Veterinary Medicine from Texas A&M University and her Masters in Legal Studies from Wake Forest University.

Related articles

My Cat Ran Away: 6 Tips for Finding Your Cat

Learn helpful tips for locating a missing or runaway cat, including methods for searching and resources to consider when trying to locate them.

Everything You Need to Know About Cat Tongues

Why does your cat's tongue feels so rough? Why does their tongue hang out of their mouth sometimes? Learn fun and interesting info about your cat's tongue.

Cats and Cucumbers: Why Are They Afraid?

Learn about the phenomenon of cats being scared of cucumbers, including why they're jumpy around them and how pranking your cat can cause stress & anxiety.

How to Identify & Remove a Tick From a Cat

Worried that your cat may have come in contact with ticks? Learn how to identify a tick bite and steps for safely removing a tick from your cat.

How to Tell If Your Cat Is Lonely

Do cats get lonely? What can you do to help? Learn some common signs to tell if your cat is lonely and steps you can take to try and cheer them up.

Can Cats See in the Dark? (& How Well?)

Wonder if cats can see in the dark? Learn about feline night vision, including how their nighttime vision works & how it evolved compared to humans.

Allergic Dermatitis & Skin Conditions in Cats: Causes & Treatments

Discover some of the signs of feline skin conditions, how to help improve them, and when to consult your veterinarian about your cat's skin health.

Helpful Tips for Bathing & Grooming a Cat

Part of keeping cats healthy is ensuring they are clean and well-groomed. Get tips on how and when to bathe and groom your cat.

How to Get Your Cat to Take a Pill

Wondering how to get your cat to take a pill? This guide provides you with tactics for how to give a cat a pill!

Cat Lumps After Spay or Neutering: Potential Hernia Concerns?

A cat hernia is usually not a cause for concern, but does require surgical correction. Learn more about how cat hernias may occur after spay or neutering.

Reasons Why Your Cat is Throwing Up After Eating

Reasons Why Your Cat is Throwing Up After Eating

Feline Pancreatitis: What You Need to Know

Learn from a veterinarian: How to spot the serious signs of feline pancreatitis, emergency care, and what kind of diet to feed her while she's recovering.

Do Cats Understand Mirrors?

Do cats understand mirrors? Find out what science can to tell us and how cats perceive their own reflections.

What Types of Litter, Food & Supplies Are Safe for Kittens?

Learn which types of products and supplies are safest for your kitten, including specific kinds of litter, food, shampoo, carriers, collars and toys.

Home Dental Care Methods for Your Cat

Use these 4 steps on how to properly brush and provide the right dental care for your cat's teeth.

Preparing Your Nervous Cat for Large Gatherings at Home

Having a large group over? Learn some helpful ways to prepare your nervous cat and keep her from feeling overwhelmed by the amount of people and noise.

Cat Food Taste & Types: Does My Cat Like Their Food?

Learn about different types of cat foods, why your cat might actually like certain ones over others and questions to ask your vet about cat food taste.

Cat Pneumonia: Signs, Diagnosis & Treatment

Cat pneumonia can be life-threatening if not addressed when clinical signs start to show. Luckily, many cats treated for this illness recover.

Why Is My Cat Peeing Blood?

Learn causes & symptoms associated with blood in cat urine, including underlying urinary tract problems or issues like FLUTD, as well as treatment options.

How to Choose the Right Cat Nutrition for Your Cat

Find out what healthy cat nutrition entails and how to choose the healthiest cat food. Also, learn about common cat feeding concerns and myths.